Removing the thermostat does several things, it reduces heater output when the vehicle is cold, it causes the coolant to pass over coolant passages to quickly to adsorb heat creating hot spots that damage the engine, same for the radiators ability to dissipate heat.
Now you need to figure out what is causing the engine to overheat with the thermostat in.
Simply flow testing a radiator does not mean it is efficient, I use a inferred temp gun to look for cold spots in radiators which indicate blockage.
You should have at least a 60/40 coolant mixture.
Blockage in the air flow of the radiator/condenser are always a good place to look.
A missing or broken fan shroud is often neglected.
Look at the basics first, hope this helps.