Which early civilization most directly contributed to the development of

Many, Christianity is from Judaism, and Moses, who wrote the first five books of the Bible (Torah) was raised an Egyptian Prince, so Egypt could play a part. Before that, Abraham was from Ur in what is now Iraq, I'm not sure which culture it was called at the time, but many civilizations were there over the centuries.

The Babylonians, while they get a bad rap in the Bible, no doubt played a part, as did Persians and the Romans.

Since Abraham is the ancestor of both Jews and Arabs, the various middle eastern cultures influenced all the religions. I don't know directly what influenced the Arabs at the time of Mohammed, however.
 
I would say at the time of prophet MOHAMED PEACE AND BLESSINGS BE UPON HIM. People at that time were more pious at that time and had less things to keep them busy from worshiping ALLAH THE ALMIGHTY.
 
The question doesn't make a lot of sense (I'm assuming it's a homework question & not your own.)

Chrisitaniy & Islam developed over 700 years apart. At the time the civilizations in the area were different.

The teacher could be looking for:

Judaism - which they both use parts of, but are so -different- from that it would be false to say they developed from it.

Greek - that did effect Roman which then effected Christianity. However, I don't see the tie into Islam much later.

Zoastrasoian - may have effected both with ideas, however that's not proven & ideas may have been floating around in general.

Both Chrisitanity & Islam developed as religions that focus on spreading themselves. Therefore maybe the answer lies in some prior culture of empire developement?

How democracy developed in Athens is a totally different question. I'd google that one. Also, it wasn't a full democracy - slaves & women & lessor society members did not have rights to vote.
 
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