3.Review what causes obstacles in communications and how to overcome these.
Bypassing
-biggest barrier
-happens when people miss each other with their meanings.
-help may mean different things like either do it all for me or do it with me.
Limited frame of reference
-Your frame is formed when your experiences, education, culture, expectations, personality, and other elements.
-Different frames of reference
-us thinks Mexicans failed because of slow upgrades
-mexicans are going buckwild happy because changes are made
Lack of language skills
-different vocabulary skills, grammar, skill in written and oral expression.
Lack of listening skills
-poor listening skills can affect this too.
Emotional interference
-difficult when you feel joy, fear, resentment, hostility, sadness.
Physical distractions
-faulty acoustics , noisy surroundings, or poor cell phone reception.
How to overcome language barriers.
Realize that communication is imperfect.
-good driver gets into an accident because shitty driver
Adapt the message to the receiver.
-how is this guy going to react to what I might say?
Improve your language and listening skills.
Question your preconceptions.
-examine personal assumptions, biases, and prejudices
Plan for feedback.
-say stuff like do you understand? Or paraphrase.
4.Review the section on Internal and External Functions.
Functions: internal and external
-has 3 basic function
-inform, persuade, and promote goodwill
Internal
-email, memos, and voice messages
-sharing information with superiors, coworkers, and subordinates.
External
-letters
-suppliers, customers, the government, and public, letters to company stationary.
Form: oral and written
Oral
-minimizes miscommunication but provides no written record.
Written
-is impersonal
-communicators cannot see or hear each other
-no immediate feedback
-provides permanent record
Form:
channel selection dependent on
Message content
Need for immediate response
Audience size and distance
Audience reaction
• Need to show empathy, friendliness, formality
• Flow: Typically 3 channels
• Formal: down, up, horizontal
down
-flows from decision makers like ceo and managers through eh chain of command to workers.
-job plans, directives, prodedures
Up
-feedback forms the upward flow of communication
-provides feedback from non-management employees to employees.
-feedback, suggestions, product and customer information.
Horizontal
-information flow among workers at the same level
-between the training supervisor and maintenance superviser
-task coordination, problem solving, conflict resolution.
Informal: grapevine
-organizationally relevant gossip
-functions through social relationships during lunch, meetings at the water cooler, working out..