What do you like? I recommend perusing the Territorial Seed Co. catalog, either online or the paper catalog. They're a company from Oregon and they specialize in short-season veggies that grow well in the Pacific Northwest. There's also an excellent book you should be able to find at the library called Vegetable Gardening West of the Cascades by Steve Solomon. All the information in the front is useful, but the section in the back is my favorite - it goes veggie by veggie and describes when to plant, how to plant, how to harvest, etc.
Lettuce is easy, as are peas and snap beans. Zucchini or summer squash are an easy one - just harvest them before they get too big. Nobody wants a giant zucchini! Tomatoes, winter squash (90-day growing season or less), beets, even eggplant if it's a short season variety. I live in North Bend and on occasion we've even had success with watermelon and cantaloupe, but those are far riskier. Artichokes do well, as do onions.
If you want to start right away, you'll have to build a cold frame. Lettuce and spinach will grow in winter; little else will.
Just make sure your veggie beds have at least 8 hours of full-sun exposure in the summer, otherwise you're going to have problems.
