That is the focal length of the lens in mm. A zoom lens has a range of focal lengths, such as a 28-90mm lens. In that case, the lens has focal lengths from 28mm to 90mm. It is just a standard that is used to discern the magnification of one lens from another.
If I am correct, it is the measurement from the film or sensor in the camera to the lens element. Or something to that effect. I haven't spent time studying that particular point because it really doesn't matter.