All the photo jobs that were shot with film can, for the most part be shot digitally.
There are a few cases where digital is actually better than film.
One would be under low light conditions. Most of the newer DSLR's provide a much better image at high ISO's than film at the same ISO.
Any "deadline" images are best shot using a digital camera, since there is no processing time and the pre-press work can be done literally minutes after the photographer has made the shot and has sent it to the newspaper or magazine over the internet using a FTP server.
There are times when film is still king. Many magazines prefer to accept colour transparencies for publications, one "Arizona Highways" only accepted medium and large format transparencies for their publication until this year.
http://www.arizhwys.com/static/index.cfm?contentID=775
For all the various types of photography, visit http://www.asmp.org and look at the members specialties.
A short list:
Industrial, corporate, advertising, medical, high risk, sports, editorial, fashion, automobile, catalog and many, many more.