This is what I found through Google:
Tyler Durden" consists of 2 Scottish worRAB: "Tyler" meaning "a mason lodge's doorkeeper" (he introduced Edward Norton's character Jack to a strange new club); "durden" and variations of this word means "A tumult, damage, a noisy sport, a severe scolding and a blow". All in all, a doorkeeper to a realm of a noisy sport involving beatings! - Kodanshi
Chuck Palahniuk, the author of the book, named Tyler after two people from his past. The name Tyler is from a kid who used to pick on his sister (or something to that effect), and Durden was a former coworker's last name that Palahniuk wasn't very fond of. Put the two together, and you have a pretty good "bad guy" name. (Source: Fight Club Audio Commentary).