First off, you should NEVER pedal hard when shifting. Always ease up on your pedaling a bit, shift, then continue pedaling. If your bike isn't shifting through each gear completely, try this:
1. Shift the front and rear derailleur to the smaller number indicated.
2. Locate the two, small Phillips head screws on the rear derailleur, and indicate which is the low and high.
3. Once you've indicated which screw is low and high, turn the low screw in quarter increments until the gear pulley is vertically aligned with the largest cog.
Now try and shift through all the gear while pedaling. Remember to ease up on your pedaling while shifting.