So my teacher gave my class an old exam to review for the final, but won't give the answer key. I got the majority right, except for these questions where my answers were wrong. Can anybody help me with this please? My final is tomorrow and this would be great review. Even if you know some of the answers, it will be of great help. Thanks!
2.How is transcription of eukaryotic genes controlled?
a.all eukaryotic operons are controlled by repressors and activators
b.transcription is suppressed when the DNA is acetylated
c.more genes are transcribed when the DNA is decondensed
d.the operators are always close to the promoter of eukaryotic genes
e.all of the above
20.What is the function of microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) during cell division?
a.to carry the chromosomes
b.to attach to the cell cortex
c.to help the microtubules shrink
d.to stabilize the microtubules
e.to help break apart the nuclear membrane
27.What occurs during apopotosis?
a.cleavage of cytochrome c
b.phosphorylation of procaspases
c.cleavage of procaspases
d.phosphorylation of cdc6
e.phosphorylation of cytochrome c
28.How does the exterior appearance of a cell change during the cell cycle?
a.the cell temporarily detaches from surrounding cells and becomes more round
b.the cell temporarily detaches from surrounding cells and becomes more flat
c.the cell begins developing the cleavage furrow during interphase
d.a and c
e.b and c
29.What is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
a.phagocytosis is performed by all cells in the body, pinocytosis is only performed by certain white blood cells
b.phagocytosis is dependent on clathrin, pinocytosis is not dependent on clathrin
c.pinocytosis is dependent on clathrin, phagocytosis is not dependent on clathrin
d.cholesterol can only be removed from the bloodstream by phagocytosis, not by pinocytosis
e.none of the above
30.If a TATA box is mutated, what would be the direct effect in a cell?
a.the cell would be unable to complete cytokinesis
b.the cell would be unable to replicate DNA
c.the cell would be unable to repair damaged DNA
d.the cell would be unable to secrete proteins
e.the cell would be unable to transcribe a gene
33.Which of the following molecules are released from a cell by constitutive secretion?
a.nitric oxide
b.epinephrine (a neurotransmitter)
c.collagen (a component of extracellular matrix)
d.testosterone
e.epithelial growth factor
34.When a positive feedback loop is activated in a cell, what occurs?
a.the gene for a transcription factor is transcribed continuously
b.the cell divides until a negative feedback loop is activated
c.the DNA in the cell begins to condense
d.the DNA in the cell is replicated
e.the cell continuously secretes certain proteins
40.When do centrosomes begin to replicate?
a.during G1 phase
b.during S phase
c.during G2 phase
d.during prophase
e.during prometaphase
41.How is the pH of the lysosome different from other organelles and why?
a.the pH of the lysosome is higher in order for the enzymes in the lysosome to function
b.the pH of the lysosome is higher in order to stabilize oligosaccharides being produced in lysosomes
c.the pH of the lysosome is lower in order for the enzymes in the lysosome to function
d.the pH of the lysosome is lower in order to stabilize oligosaccharides being produced in lysosomes
e.the pH of the lysosome is lower in order for ATP to be produced by proteins in the lyosome membrane
45.When a cell is in G0, what is occurring in the cell?
a.the DNA is condensed
b.cyclins are being produced
c.Bax and Bak are activated
d.histones are being acetylated
e.securin is being activated
what is continuously active in some tumor cells?
wheat levels are constant during the cell cycle?
what attaches directly to the centromere?
2.How is transcription of eukaryotic genes controlled?
a.all eukaryotic operons are controlled by repressors and activators
b.transcription is suppressed when the DNA is acetylated
c.more genes are transcribed when the DNA is decondensed
d.the operators are always close to the promoter of eukaryotic genes
e.all of the above
20.What is the function of microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) during cell division?
a.to carry the chromosomes
b.to attach to the cell cortex
c.to help the microtubules shrink
d.to stabilize the microtubules
e.to help break apart the nuclear membrane
27.What occurs during apopotosis?
a.cleavage of cytochrome c
b.phosphorylation of procaspases
c.cleavage of procaspases
d.phosphorylation of cdc6
e.phosphorylation of cytochrome c
28.How does the exterior appearance of a cell change during the cell cycle?
a.the cell temporarily detaches from surrounding cells and becomes more round
b.the cell temporarily detaches from surrounding cells and becomes more flat
c.the cell begins developing the cleavage furrow during interphase
d.a and c
e.b and c
29.What is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
a.phagocytosis is performed by all cells in the body, pinocytosis is only performed by certain white blood cells
b.phagocytosis is dependent on clathrin, pinocytosis is not dependent on clathrin
c.pinocytosis is dependent on clathrin, phagocytosis is not dependent on clathrin
d.cholesterol can only be removed from the bloodstream by phagocytosis, not by pinocytosis
e.none of the above
30.If a TATA box is mutated, what would be the direct effect in a cell?
a.the cell would be unable to complete cytokinesis
b.the cell would be unable to replicate DNA
c.the cell would be unable to repair damaged DNA
d.the cell would be unable to secrete proteins
e.the cell would be unable to transcribe a gene
33.Which of the following molecules are released from a cell by constitutive secretion?
a.nitric oxide
b.epinephrine (a neurotransmitter)
c.collagen (a component of extracellular matrix)
d.testosterone
e.epithelial growth factor
34.When a positive feedback loop is activated in a cell, what occurs?
a.the gene for a transcription factor is transcribed continuously
b.the cell divides until a negative feedback loop is activated
c.the DNA in the cell begins to condense
d.the DNA in the cell is replicated
e.the cell continuously secretes certain proteins
40.When do centrosomes begin to replicate?
a.during G1 phase
b.during S phase
c.during G2 phase
d.during prophase
e.during prometaphase
41.How is the pH of the lysosome different from other organelles and why?
a.the pH of the lysosome is higher in order for the enzymes in the lysosome to function
b.the pH of the lysosome is higher in order to stabilize oligosaccharides being produced in lysosomes
c.the pH of the lysosome is lower in order for the enzymes in the lysosome to function
d.the pH of the lysosome is lower in order to stabilize oligosaccharides being produced in lysosomes
e.the pH of the lysosome is lower in order for ATP to be produced by proteins in the lyosome membrane
45.When a cell is in G0, what is occurring in the cell?
a.the DNA is condensed
b.cyclins are being produced
c.Bax and Bak are activated
d.histones are being acetylated
e.securin is being activated
what is continuously active in some tumor cells?
wheat levels are constant during the cell cycle?
what attaches directly to the centromere?