Mikhail Kalashnikov, inventor of AK-47, dies at 94 - CNN

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  • Mikhail Kalashnikov developed AK-47 after serving as Soviet tank commander in World War II
  • Guinness recognized AK-47 as the world's most common machine gun
  • Simplicity, reliability were hallmarks of gun, Kalashnikov told CNN in 2009


(CNN) -- Mikhail Kalashnikov, the Russian gun designer whose AK-47 rifle became the weapon of choice for many national armies and guerrillas around the world, died Monday, the Kremlin announced on its website.
He was 94.
Kalashnikov designed his first machine gun in 1942 after suffering injuries as a tank commander for the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II, but it wasn't until 1947 -- after years of tweaks -- that the AK-47 was introduced for Soviet military service.
The weapon, recognizable by its banana-shaped ammunition magazine, became known for its simple effectiveness. It was easy to use and maintain, and it was reliable in extreme conditions, be they hot, cold, wet or sandy.
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Russian weapons designer Mikhail Kalashnikov presents his legendary assault rifle, the AK-47, to the media while opening an exhibition of his work at a weapons museum in Suhl, Germany, in 2002. Kalashnikov died on December 23 at the age of 94. Click through to see where else in the world the AK-47 has appeared.

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A soldier in the anti-government army of the Sudan holds his AK-47 rifle at the ready in 1971.

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A diver retrieves an AK-47 from the bottom of the Suez Canal in Egypt in 1975.

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Fighters with the Eritrean People's Liberation Front sit with their rifles in 1978.

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Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps members assemble during a commemoration of their foundation in Tehran in 1981.

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A Shiite Muslim militiaman fires his AK-47 during a battle in West Beirut, Lebanon, in 1987.

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A Russian sailor stands guard with an AK-47 in Moscow during a visit from then-U.S. President Ronald Reagan in 1988.

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An anti-Communist civilian fighter runs with an AK-47 during a street-fight in Bucharest, Romania, in 1989.

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Then-Iraqi President Saddam Hussein brandishes an AK-47 during his visit to villages in northern Iraq in 1998, in this Iraqi News Agency released photograph.

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Osama bin Laden fires an AK-47 in this still frame from the infamous video of him released after September 11, 2001.

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A soldier with the Liberation Army of Presevo, Medvedja and Bujanovac guards his position near the village of Shoshaj, Yugoslavia, in 2001.

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A soldier stands guard at the entrance to a sanctuary for Kim Jong Il in Myohyangsan, North Korea, in 2005.

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A man guards the the village of Jebel Shugruf in the Haraz Mountains of Yemen in 2006.

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A Pakistani tribesman carries an AK-47 assault rifle after an air strike in Damadola, Pakistan, in 2006.

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An Iraqi policewoman receives guidance firing an AK-47 during target practice in Karbala, Iraq, in 2008.

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Members of the Karo Tribe pose with AK-47s in Korcho, Ethiopia, in 2008.

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Kenyan policemen confront demonstrators during post-election clashes in the Mathare slums of Nairobi in 2008.

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Newly recruited Rangers practice with their AK-47s during a training session at a military camp in the southern Narathiwat province of Thailand in 2009.

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An AK-47 leans against a makeshift bench press that U.S. Marines built in their base in Delaram, Afghanistan, in 2009.

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A man shoots an AK-47 at a shooting range in West Point, Kentucky, in 2009.

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Anti-Libyan-government militants gather on the front line in Brega, Libya, in 2011.

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A Syrian opposition fighter poses with his AK-47 in Aleppo, Syria, in 2012.

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A soldier with the Malian army patrols a street in Gao, Mali, with an AK-47 on February 25, 2013.


The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
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The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47

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Photos: The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47


From the early 1950s, it became the standard weapon for Soviet and Warsaw Pact countries, according to IHS Jane's. The gun also proved popular with paramilitary groups: It was so successful in Mozambique's successful rebel movement of the 1960s and 1970s that its image appears in the national flag.
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James Gandolfini died at the age of 51, after an apparent heart attack. Gandolfini became a fan favorite for his role as mob boss Tony Soprano on HBO's "The Sopranos."

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Country music singer/songwriter Slim Whitman died on June 19, his son-in-law Roy Beagle told CNN. He was 90. Above, Whitman poses with his guitar at a press conference at the Prince of Wales Theatre in London, on February 22, 1956.

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Esther Williams, whose success as a competitive swimmer propelled her to Hollywood stardom during the 1940s and 1950s, died on Thursday, June 6 in California, according to her spokesman.

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David "Deacon" Jones, who is credited with coining the term "sacking the quarterback" during his stint as one of the greatest defensive ends in the NFL, has died.

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Democratic Sen. Frank Lautenberg of New Jersey died June 3 of viral pneumonia, his office said. Lautenberg, 89, had been the Senate's last surviving veteran of World War II.

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Actress Jean Stapleton, best known for her role as Archie Bunker's wife, Edith, in the groundbreaking 1970s TV sitcom "All in the Family," died at age 90 on Saturday, June 1.

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Ed Shaughnessy, the longtime drummer for "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson," died May 24. He was 84.

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Ray Manzarek, keyboardist and founding member of The Doors, passed away of cancer on Monday, May 20. He was 74.

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NASCAR legend Dick Trickle died on May 16 of an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound. He was 71.

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Popular American psychologist and television personality Dr. Joyce Brothers died at 85, her daughter said on May 13. Brothers gained fame as a frequent guest on television talk shows and as an advice columnist for Good Housekeeping magazine and newspapers throughout the United States.

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Jeanne Cooper, who played Katherine Chancellor, the "Dame of Genoa City," on "The Young and the Restless," died on May 8. She was 84.

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Ray Harryhausen, the stop-motion animation and special-effects master whose work influenced such directors as Steven Spielberg, Peter Jackson and George Lucas, died on May 7 at age 92, according to the Facebook page of the Ray and Diana Harryhausen Foundation.

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Grammy-winning guitarist Jeff Hanneman, a founding member of the heavy metal band Slayer, died on May 2 of liver failure. He was 49.

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Chris Kelly, one-half of the 1990s rap duo Kris Kross, died on May 1 at an Atlanta hospital after being found unresponsive at his home, the Fulton County medical examiner's office told CNN.Kelly, right, and Chris Smith shot to stardom in 1992 with the hit "Jump."

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George Jones, the country music legend whose graceful, evocative voice gave depth to some of the greatest songs in country music -- including "She Thinks I Still Care," "The Grand Tour" and "He Stopped Loving Her Today" -- died on April 26 at age 81, according to his public relations firm.

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Actor Allan Arbus poses for a portrait with his daughter photographer Amy Arbus in 2007. Allan Arbus, who played psychiatrist Maj. Sidney Freedman in the M*A*S*H television series, died at age 95, his daughter's representative said April 23.

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Folk singer Richie Havens, the opening act at the 1969 Woodstock music festival, died on April 22 of a heart attack, his publicist said. He was 72.

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Australian rocker Chrissy Amphlett, the Divinyls lead singer whose group scored an international hit with the sexually charged "I Touch Myself" in the early 1990s, died on April 21 from breast cancer and multiple sclerosis, her husband said. She was 53.

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Pat Summerall, the NFL football player turned legendary play-by-play announcer, was best known as a broadcaster who teamed up with former NFL coach John Madden. Summerall died April 16 at the age of 82.

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Comedian Jonathan Winters died on April 11 at age 87. Known for his comic irreverence, he had a major influence on a generation of comedians. Here he appears on "The Jonathan Winters Show" in 1956.

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Sir Robert Edwards, a "co-pioneer" of the in vitro fertilization technique and Nobel Prize winner, died April 10 in his sleep after a long illness, the University of Cambridge said. He was 87. He is pictured on July 25, 1978, holding the world's first "test-tube baby," Louise Joy Brown, alongside the midwife and Dr. Patrick Steptoe, who helped develop the fertility treatment.

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Annette Funicello, one of the best-known members of the original 1950s "Mickey Mouse Club" and a star of 1960s "beach party" movies, died at age 70 on April 8. Pictured, Funicello performs with Jimmie Dodd on "The Mickey Mouse Club" in1957.

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Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, a towering figure in postwar British and world politics and the only woman to become British prime minister, died at the age of 87 on Monday, April 8.

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Designer Lilly Pulitzer, right, died on April 7 at age 81, according to her company's Facebook page. The Palm Beach socialite was known for making sleeveless dresses from bright floral prints that became known as the "Lilly" design.

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Film critic Roger Ebert died on April 4, according to his employer, the Chicago Sun-Times. He was 70. Ebert had taken a leave of absence on April 2 after a hip fracture was revealed to be cancer.

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Jane Nebel Henson, wife of the late Muppets creator Jim Henson and instrumental in the development of the world-famous puppets, died April 2 after a long battle with cancer. She was 78.

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Shain Gandee, one of the stars of the MTV reality show "Buckwild," was found dead with two other people in Kanawha County, West Virginia, on April 1. He was 21.

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Music producer and innovator Phil Ramone, right, with Paul Shaffer, left, and Billy Joel at the Song Writers Hall of Fame Awards in New York in 2001. Ramone died March 30 at the age of 72.

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Writer/producer Don Payne, one of the creative minds behind "The Simpsons," died March 26 at his home in Los Angeles after losing a battle with bone cancer, reports say. He was 48.

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Gordon Stoker, left, who as part of the vocal group the Jordanaires sang backup on hits by Elvis Presley, died March 27 at 88.

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Deke Richards, center, died March 24 at age 68. Richards was a producer and songwriter who was part of the team responsible for Motown hits such as "I Want You Back" and "Maybe Tomorrow." He had been battling esophageal cancer.

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Legendary publisher, promoter and weightlifter Joe Weider, who created the Mr. Olympia contest and brought California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger to the United States, died at age 93 on March 23.

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Playboy magazine's 1962 "Playmate of the Year," Christa Speck Krofft, died March 22 of natural causes at the age of 70.

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Rena Golden, who held top positions at CNN, died at age 51 after battling lymphoma for two years on March 21.

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Harry Reems, the porn star best known for playing Dr. Young in the 1972 adult film classic "Deep Throat," died March 19, according to a spokeswoman at a Salt Lake City hospital. Reems, whose real name is Herbert Streicher, was 65.

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Bobbie Smith, who as a member of the Spinners sang lead on such hits as "I'll Be Around" and "Could It Be I'm Falling in Love," died on March 16 at age 76. Pictured clockwise from left, Spinners band member Pervis Jackson, Billy Henderson, Jonathan Edwards, Bobbie Smith and Henry Fambrough, 1977.

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Sweden's Princess Lilian, the Welsh-born model who lived with her lover Prince Bertil for 30 years before they were married, has died at the age of 97, the Swedish Royal Court said in a statement.

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Alvin Lee, the speed-fingered British guitarist who lit up Woodstock with a monumental 11-minute version of his song "I'm Going Home," died on March 6, according to his website. He was 68.

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Hugo Chavez, the polarizing president of Venezuela who cast himself as a "21st century socialist" and foe of the United States, died March 5, said Vice President Nicolas Maduro.

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Bobby Rogers, one of the original members of Motown staple The Miracles, died on Sunday, March 3, at 73. From left: Bobby Rogers, Ronald White, Smokey Robinson and Pete Moore circa 1965.

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Actress Bonnie Franklin, star of the TV show "One Day at a Time," died at the age of 69 on March 1 of complications from pancreatic cancer.

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Actor Dale Robertson, who was popular for his western TV shows and movies, died at age 89 on Thursday, February 28.

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Richard Street, former member of the Temptations, died at age 70 on February 27. Street, second from the left, poses for a portrait with fellow members of the Temptations circa 1973.

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Van Cliburn, the legendary pianist honored with a New York ticker-tape parade for winning a major Moscow competition in 1958, died on February 27 after a battle with bone cancer, his publicist said. He was 78.

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Former U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop died on February 25. He was 96. Koop served as surgeon general from 1982 to 1989, under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush.

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Damon Harris, former member of the Motown group the Temptations, died at age 62 on February 18. Harris, center on the stool, poses for a portrait with fellow members of The Temptations circa 1974.

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Lou Myers, a stage, film and TV actor who memorably portrayed Mr. Gaines on the comedy "A Different World," died on February 19 at the age of 75.

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Los Angeles Laker owner Jerry Buss died February 18 at age 80. Buss, who had owned the Lakers since 1979, was credited with procuring the likes of Earvin "Magic" Johnson, James Worthy, Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant. The Lakers won 10 NBA championships and 16 Western Conference titles under Buss' ownership.

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Country singer Mindy McCready was found dead on February 17 of a self-inflicted gunshot wound, authorities said. She was 37. During her career, McCready landed 14 songs and six albums on the Billboard country charts.

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Ed Koch, the brash former New York mayor, died February 1 of congestive heart failure at 88, his spokesman said.

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Patty Andrews, center, the last surviving member of the Andrews Sisters, died at her Northridge, California, home on January 30, her publicist Alan Eichler said. She was 94. Patty is seen in this 1948 photograph with her sisters Maxene, left, and Laverne.

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Baseball Hall of Famer and St. Louis Cardinals great Stan Musial died on January 19, according to his former team. He was 92.

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Baseball Hall of Fame manager Earl Sidney Weaver, who led the Baltimore Orioles to four pennants and a World Series title with a pugnacity toward umpires, died January 19 of an apparent heart attack at age 82, Major League Baseball said.

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Pauline Phillips, better known to millions of newspaper readers as the original Dear Abby advice columnist, has died after a long battle with Alzheimer's Disease. She died January 16 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, at age 94.

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Aaron Swartz, the Internet activist who co-wrote the initial specification for RSS, committed suicide, a relative told CNN on January 12. He was 26. Swartz also co-founded Demand Progress, a political action group that campaigns against Internet censorship.

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Claude Nobs, the founder of the Montreux Jazz Festival, died aged 76 following a skiing accident.

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Richard Ben Cramer, the Pulitzer Prize-winning writer whose 1992 book "What It Takes" remains one of the most detailed and passionate of all presidential campaign chronicles, died January 7, according to his longtime agent. He was 62.

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Director and stuntman David R. Ellis died on January 7. He directed "Snakes on a Plane."

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Tony Lip, who played mob figures in the hit cable show "The Sopranos" and several critically acclaimed movies, died January 4, a funeral home official said. Lip, whose real name was Frank Vallelonga, was 82.

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Character actor Ned Wertimer, known to fans of "The Jeffersons" as the doorman Ralph Hart, died on January 2. He was 89.

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Pop-country singer Patti Page died on January 1 in Encinitas, California. She was 85. Born Clara Ann Fowler, Page was the best-selling female artist of the 1950s and had 19 gold and 14 platinum singles.


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Photos: People we lost in 2013


Russia stopped producing AK-47 models in the late 1960s, but production of variants continued there and in other countries.
The Guinness World Records book recognized the AK-47 -- AK being a Russian acronym for "Kalashnikov's machine gun" and 47 standing for its debut year -- as the world's most common machine gun.
Russian President Vladimir Putin on Monday "expressed his deepest condolences to the family of Mikhail Kalashnikov in connection with his death," a post on the Kremlin's website read.
In 2009, Kalashnikov told CNN that two main qualities described the AK-47: simplicity and reliability.
"It is very important because a soldier doesn't have university degrees," he said. "He needs a simple and reliable weapon. Just as an academic, for that matter, in a combat situation. There's simply no time to figure how to operate a complicated weapon and press many buttons when the enemy is advancing on you."
He said the question he hated most was whether he felt sorry about the hundreds of thousands of people that were killed as a result of his invention. He had a standard answer:
"I've designed my weapon to defend the borders of our Fatherland, and let it continue to serve this purpose."
In 2011, Izhmash, the Russian manufacturer of the AK-47 family of weapons, said it was abandoning the design in favor of a new one for its next-generation assault rifles.
Kalashnikov's 90th birthday, in November 2009, was celebrated in Russia nearly like a national holiday. In a televised Kremlin ceremony, then-President Dmitry Medvedev decorated him with the country's highest order, the Hero of Russia.
Maxim Tkachenko, Greg Hughes and CNN's Zarifmo Aslamshoyeva contributed to this report.

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