Well, there was the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates, the Fatimids, and then the Mamlukes. The Ottomans took it over in 1517. So from around 630-1517, it was controlled by Arabs, and also, inhabited by a vast majority Arab population until 1948.
There has not been a truly independent Jewish state in the region since Pompey conquered Judea in the 60s BCE after he conquered the Seleucids. And no Jewish state whatsoever or even a Jewish majority on the land existed from the time of the Bar Kochba revolt until the 20th century.