I want to know how some last names were created and some of its history or info about...

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cameromanuel

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...last names? i would like to know the meaning of last names like Gonzalez, Perez, Camero, or Penate [so you know this last name i put the ``n`` is the other spanish one that has that little curve line on the top instead of the normal one]
 
In the distant past, most people lived in small villages and knew each other by name. No one really needed more than one name. But as the villages grew larger, there might be two or three people with the same name, and so an identifier was added. Bill the carpenter was distinguished from Bill the fisherman or Bill the miller. These were all trades. Later, 'the' was dropped and they became Bill Carpenter, Bill Fisher, or Bill Miller. Other identifiers might tell where they came from. Bill from Scotland might be called Bill Scott. Or Bill with Black hair might be known as Bill Black.
I can not give you the origins of the Spanish names you have cited, but I would suspect it was something similar and the names related to a place, a physical description, or a craft.
I have a friend who carries the surname Ruedo....
 
Surnames usually came into existence for taxation purposes, not necessarily to identify a person as a member of a family.

Here is what Ancestry.Com states

Spanish (González): patronymic from the personal name Gonzalo, a personal name of Visigothic origin, based on the Germanic element gunþ ‘battle’. Compare Portuguese Gonçalves (see Goncalves).

Spanish (Pérez) and Jewish (Sephardic): patronymic from the personal name Pedro, Spanish equivalent of Peter.
Jewish: variant of Peretz.

Spanish: habitational name from Camero (Camero Viejo, Camero Nuevo), a mountainous area in the Rioja region

Spanish (Peñate): possibly a topographic name from peña ‘cliff’ + Basque -ate ‘gate’, ‘ravine’.

Surnames were usually based on a)being the son of someone-called patronymic b)their occupation c)where they lived d)some characteristic about them.
 
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