Retail licenses of Vista are still transferable to 5 different motherboards (1 at a time though). This allows enthusiasts who build a PC, upgrade the video card a year later, then build a PC a year after that to be ok. By the time they've gone through 5 motherboards the next Windows will have been out for a while. Even enthusiasts won't go through 5 motherboards in less than 5 years. Also, after the 5th, they'll let you transfer anyways if you call them and say a PC died on you, just like with XP and Vista OEM copies, if you say your PC died they'll just allow you to transfer even if they're not supposed to.