Every element we know is created in some stage of stars. At the beginning of this Universe, hydrogen was the likely first element created as space began to expand in the "Big Bang."
As stars formed, some were like our Sun and they were capable of producing elements up to Iron. These "normal" and smaller stars would release material over time in various stages of development, one of them being the initial formation of the star, it's growth into a Red Giant (where hydrogen is used up and helium expands. When the giant retracts to a white dwarf, a planetary nebula containing many elements, again, up to Iron, will permeate a massive area, material that could help lead to the birth of new planets and even a star in the future.
Larger stars (such as supergiants) create elements as well, but it was not until these supergiants went Supernova did elements heavier than Iron be created. This is why the heavier elements, examples being Gold, Silver, Platinum, Uranium, etc, are rare occurance elements. The supernova explosion would cause such chaotic element formation that many forms of new material would be created.
The same elements that were created in these explosions and star processes make us up, carbon being one of the most important. At one point, somewhere near where we are, a supergiant blew up and eject material into the near by cosmos. Our Sun and possibly close by star systems such as Proxima Centauri and Alpha Centauri are all offspring.
