Not trying to accuse you of it, but illegal/"warez" versions of Photoshop are known to do this very often and be unusable. So if you didn't pay good money for Photoshop, that's likely your problem. It ain't cheap. A lot of people download illegal copies and don't even know it's illegal, so I figured I'd let you know. But you must likely bought it (let's hope).
Next, have you recently installed ANYTHING new which can effect PS? Any new plugins, add-ons? Have you installed new drivers or updated/upgraded Windows (or whatever you use) lately? If so, does the problem correlate with the time you did these new installs? Which one? If you can identify a suspect, then Google to see if others had the same problem. Also, post it here and I will edit with more information if I have time.
You also didn't post ANY error messages or log messages? Do you even get any? Do you get a warning? Is there a debug log file you can post? It's nearly impossible to identify a problem we can't replicate or get any information from. All we know is it crashes, which could be anything from user error/misunderstanding to major problems in your system. Who knows? We surely won't until we get some concrete information...
I seriously doubt any "viruses" or malware are causing the problem, but it won't hurt to check your system out anyway. Download Malware Bytes (100% free), update it, then run a full scan. It's one of the only security programs I actually *trust* AND use. I've tested it on virtual machines I intentionally infected myself, and it can root everything out of there painlessly. So get it if you don't have it already! Also, if you have any of these: McAfee, Norton, TrendMicro... then DELETE every last trace of them (purge them from the registry too). They very well *can* cause applications to crash at random. In high school, I was a freelancer tech/repair/upgrade kid, and have seen far too many systems either slowed down or totally screwed up by those nasty, bloated (and themselves, malicious) pseudo-"security" programs. They're absolute garbage, and actually qualify (yes, officially) as malicious software themselves.
Once you take care of that, do some general system maintenance: defrag all your drives/volumes, clear all temporary files/caches, and organize your files in folders however you like. Still same problem? And you are *sure* that NO recent updates have caused the problems? Well, then you need to TRY updating. Update your system to all the latest patches available (Windows update is easy and does it for you). Check all your drivers and make sure they are working and up-to-date. See if any Photoshop patches are out which fix this problem or any general problems. If all else fails, go to the Adobe forums with your troubles.
The steps above will probably not totally solve the problem, but I suggest them for one important reason: PROCESS OF ELIMINATION. Once you follow those steps, you have eliminated such things as possible issues, and it will make solving the real problem (if it still exists) much easier and straightforward. It gives you a clean slate, and up-to-date system and software to work with and fix, rather than 100's of possible variables and configurations to test. Let us know when you can provide more detailed information about the crashes, and see how following those steps work.
