That mostly depends on which part of Europe you are referring to. Some parts of Europe were very intellectual and philosophical studied Plato and other classical philosophers. But then other parts it wasn't much different than the Dark Ages by that time. But most of Europe's intellectuals were religious of some sort. Either being Clergy themselves or were very pious people. Thomas Moore for example was Supreme Chancellor of England, and he's also one of the most known Catholic Martyrs. Another intellectual figure of the time was Thomas Aquinas, who wanted a logical and realistic explanation for God and the reason for the Church. Donate was also a philosopher and author of the time who stirred up a lot of fear of hell, it's mostly where the Church started to depict hell as an infernal fire wasteland.
Most of Europe's culture came out of Rome, but when the Crusades took place, Muslim culture was being brought back from the Holy Land, so it impacted Europe's culture to a large extent. Likewise, The Middle East also took from European culture and innovation back with them, or some of the European weapon technology (siege weapons especially) were up for grabs by the Muslims.
Intellectually, Muslims woke up Europe to the idea that there is more out there than just Europe and the Church. This is especially true of England which had not yet separated church and state so the Catholic Church was the greatest influence in Europe at the time. When the Muslims invaded Cordoba, a part of Europe near Russia became centered around the Greek Orthodox Church. But also, Spain also inherited a large Muslim Population, which would be known as the Moors.
