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Which of the following must occur in order for sedimentary rocks to form?
cooling of magma or lava crystallization
heat and pressure
melting
weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks
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Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Soils are made up of a minerals, organic materials, air and water. What is meant by the word organic?
a natural, nonliving material with a uniform structure and composition throughout the sample
broken down pieces of rocks
material that was produced by or was part of a living organism
solidified from molten rock
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Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Which of the following processes are related to the formation of igneous rocks?
addition of pressure
compaction and cementation of rock particles
melting of rocks
Weathering
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Question 4 (Essay Worth 4 points)
Explain why the Earth’s inner core is solid, even when the temperatures might suggest it would be liquid.
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Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The Earth’s crust can most accurately be described as
broken beyond repair.
destroyed.
segmented into pieces.
saturated with molten rock.
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Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Convection cells in the mantle are believed to be the main cause of plate movements. These convection cells transfer _________ which ultimately causes the frictional drag of the plates on the Earth’s crust.
electricity
heat
lava
magnetism
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Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)
Farmers, during the dust bowl of the 1930’s, watched their soil be carried away by wind. What process removed the soil from the place it originated to distant locations?
cementation
erosion
lithification
sediments
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Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
In order to prevent a mass erosion event, like we experienced in 1930’s Dust Bowl event, which of the following should farmers do?
remove worms, ants, and other organisms that live in the soil
keep the land irrigated
remove native grasses
plant the same crops from year to year to acclimate the soil
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 9 (Essay Worth 4 points)
An igneous rock like granite, can change into a very different sedimentary rock like sandstone. What processes must have acted on the granite over the years to change this igneous material into sedimentary rock?
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Question 10 (Matching Worth 4 points)
Look at the diagram. The layers of the Earth are labeled A - D. Match their label with the correct name.
Match Term Definition
inner core A) B
outer core B) C
Mantle C) D
Crust D) A
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Question 11 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
A geologist wants to find out if earthquakes give off early warning signs of larger quakes. Where should she place seismic motion detectors in order to gather surface data detecting small movements along plate boundaries?
seismic hot spots
faults
collision points
break points
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 12 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
An early theory proposed that the continents were once a large continent, which split apart and moved to their present locations. Which of the following describes this?
continental drift
plate tectonics
sea floor spreading
uniformitarianism
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Question 13 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Plates are believed to move due to
convections cells in the mantle
hotspots rising up through the crust
Pangea
The rock cycle
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 14 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
A group of researchers want to study volcanic gases. In order to ensure a fairly safe working environment they are looking for a volcano that is flat, gently sloping and built from many
cooling of magma or lava crystallization
heat and pressure
melting
weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Soils are made up of a minerals, organic materials, air and water. What is meant by the word organic?
a natural, nonliving material with a uniform structure and composition throughout the sample
broken down pieces of rocks
material that was produced by or was part of a living organism
solidified from molten rock
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Which of the following processes are related to the formation of igneous rocks?
addition of pressure
compaction and cementation of rock particles
melting of rocks
Weathering
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 4 (Essay Worth 4 points)
Explain why the Earth’s inner core is solid, even when the temperatures might suggest it would be liquid.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The Earth’s crust can most accurately be described as
broken beyond repair.
destroyed.
segmented into pieces.
saturated with molten rock.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Convection cells in the mantle are believed to be the main cause of plate movements. These convection cells transfer _________ which ultimately causes the frictional drag of the plates on the Earth’s crust.
electricity
heat
lava
magnetism
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)
Farmers, during the dust bowl of the 1930’s, watched their soil be carried away by wind. What process removed the soil from the place it originated to distant locations?
cementation
erosion
lithification
sediments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
In order to prevent a mass erosion event, like we experienced in 1930’s Dust Bowl event, which of the following should farmers do?
remove worms, ants, and other organisms that live in the soil
keep the land irrigated
remove native grasses
plant the same crops from year to year to acclimate the soil
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 9 (Essay Worth 4 points)
An igneous rock like granite, can change into a very different sedimentary rock like sandstone. What processes must have acted on the granite over the years to change this igneous material into sedimentary rock?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 10 (Matching Worth 4 points)
Look at the diagram. The layers of the Earth are labeled A - D. Match their label with the correct name.
Match Term Definition
inner core A) B
outer core B) C
Mantle C) D
Crust D) A
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 11 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
A geologist wants to find out if earthquakes give off early warning signs of larger quakes. Where should she place seismic motion detectors in order to gather surface data detecting small movements along plate boundaries?
seismic hot spots
faults
collision points
break points
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 12 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
An early theory proposed that the continents were once a large continent, which split apart and moved to their present locations. Which of the following describes this?
continental drift
plate tectonics
sea floor spreading
uniformitarianism
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 13 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Plates are believed to move due to
convections cells in the mantle
hotspots rising up through the crust
Pangea
The rock cycle
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 14 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
A group of researchers want to study volcanic gases. In order to ensure a fairly safe working environment they are looking for a volcano that is flat, gently sloping and built from many