itawes:
If more than one spine surgeon has recommended a fusion, please consider it as a viable option. Don't worry much about hardware. You don't feel it, it doesn't set of airport detectors, and many people are walking around with all kinRAB of hardware from spinal, to knee / hip / shoulder replacements and hardware placed to fix broken bones.
An L4-S1 fusion is quite common. It provides stabilization of the area that a minimally invasive procedure can not. Too often people want to avoid a fusion and opt for something minimally invasive only to have problems after and need to eventually do a fusion.
Personally I'm one of those who wants to fix the entire problem now even if it involves hardware and a large scar. I like to know I've done the best thing for my body at the time and which will give me the longest chance of success and the most functionality. By having my spine fusions I know those areas are secure and if I fall off a bike, get in a car accident, etc - that area of my spine has been stabilized and isn't in jeopardy of having more problems ( for the most part )
I have spondylolisthesis where one vertebrae moves forward or back over the other. So 17 years ago they fixed my problem with an L4-S1 fusion. It worked well and I had no further problems aside from an occasional back ache when I over did it. I hiked, biked, etc. In April of 2009 I had severe pain again. It took a while to find the right surgeon, tried 26 sessions of physical therapy, etc and it was determined that I was dealing with spondylolisthesis at L3-4 (I have very lax ligaments so joints move around a bit more than usual).
Surgeries, such as appendectomies have been able to be done laproscopically because whether the surgery is done via open or laproscope they get the same result, the appendix is removed. With spine surgery a laser surgery can remove disc material but can not stabilize the spine.
But with the spine some minimally invasive procedures can relieve some of the symptoms but not get to the real problem. I've always been one to want to seek to solve the problem even if it involves hardware and a big scar. On 2/3/10 I had an L3-S1 fusion. So I now have hardware L3-L4-S1 (my L5 pedicle wont accept screws, I've been told this twice). I'm only 2 weeks out and while I have post-surgical pain my leg pain is gone and the L3 vertebrae area feels much better (but I'm typing this while in my brace).
If you liked one of the surgeons see if you can discuss with him/her what his/her perspective is on other procedures out there such as laser or other minimally invasive. And what is it about your findings that make fusion necessary versus people who may have some success with laser surgery.
So talk to your surgeons about (1) what is the true exact problem? (2) is there current or anticipated spine instability? if so what are the risks with avoiding fusion and seeking minimally invasive proecedures (3) what makes fusion the only option for you?.
While laser might remove some of the disc fragments that are impinging the nerves causing the pain, how is it going to solve the problem in the long run? What is there to prevent remaining disc material from migrating out into the same area and again cause the same problem.