What's the Difference in a Whine and a Complaint, an Excuse and a Reason?

It's best to describe the difference of these words in the same context, which is in response to some imposed stress, such as being pulled over by an officer for a traffic offense.

Whine: Useless flailing with words, "Haven't I gotten ENOUGH TICKETS already?????"

Complaint: Supposed counterfactual statement lodged, "Your [radar gun], [eyes], [judgement] isn't working today"

Excuse: Proffered explanation hoping for exemption, "My [speedometer] [brakes] [cell phone] isn't working today"

Reason: Argument given based on valid legal grounds that has chance of holding up in court, "I had no choice---I followed the traffic signs posted."
 
A complaint is short and sweet, whereas whining is usually long, drawn out, repetitive, and annoying. A reason is valid, but an excuse usually isn't.
 
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