Yes, a disc protrusion can also be called a herniation. They may be calling it a protrusion as it is not so far herniated that it is way out of the area it should be in (I recently spoke with someone who had 80% of the disc material protruding so that was a true herniation).
You will find different doctors, all in the same field, who have different opinions. What I found is that I found someone who actually had luck with a spine surgeon and after a year was thrilled with his fusion. Since I was no longer happy with my doctor I went to this other Orthopedic Spine Surgeon who was very good, very open to extensive discussion and I ended up with a L3-S1 fusion (I had previously been fused L4-S1).