What is the difference between Aa and aA in Biology (alleles --> genetics)?

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srujun

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When talking about genes/ alleles, and phenotypes are expressed AA or aa etc.,
1. what is the difference between Aa and aA?
2. And why sometimes are there AaBb (where there are four, i.e. is that just used when describing similar phenotypes, are there thousands for humans (hair colour, skin)).

I'm a beginner to biology so not sure about a heap of things, and have probably asked something confusingly/ that is obvious/basic or referred to something incorrectly, so please don't be too harsh :S:). Tell me if I should include more information. Thanks :).
 
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