Rhetorical is a question that cannot be answer or isn't meant to be answered. And rant is like being mad about something openly. So when your rhetorically ranting your just complaining and 'yelling' but you know that nobodys going to say something or care.
Example:
You see someone wearing a shirt of a band you hate, like idk The Beatles
You kinda talk to yourself and say 'ugh I hate the beatles they're lame losers. Damn them.. Yadadaa
No one cares your ranting to yourself or even aloud.