Oh boy. SO many differences between them. They had different languages, different writing systems, different cultures and beliefs and lifestyles and systems of government.
I suggest you Wikipedia all of those civilizations and take a look at the early "history" sections, see what stands out. Differences in things like government and trade networks are probably what a teacher would be looking for on this question. I think those civilizations together made important advancements in writing, government, and trade, but I can't remember which made which advances. Might want to look that up.