R
ryan l
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how much did the germans have to pay in the treaty of versaills
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E
ersan b
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The total sum due was decided by an Inter-Allied Reparations Commission. The war reparations that Entente demanded from Germany was 226 billion Reichsmarks in gold (around £11.3 billion), then reduced to 132 billion Reichsmarks. In 1921, this number was officially put at £4,990,000,000, or 132 billion marks.
The terms of the Treaty, which Germany had no choice but to accept, were announced on May 7, 1919. Germany lost:
* 13% of its national territory
* All of its overseas colonies (including Kamerun, German East Africa, German Southwest Africa, Togoland and German New Guinea)
* 12.5% of its population (mitigated subsequently by major demographic shifts)
* 16% of its coalfields, and 48% of its iron and steel industry.
Territorial restrictions on Germany
* Alsace-Lorraine yielded to France.
* Saar coal fields placed under French control for 15 years.
* Annexation of Austria was prohibited.
* Annexation of Czechoslovakia prohibited.
* Annexation of Poland and Danzig prohibited.
* Loss of all overseas colonies.
* Part of Upper Silesia ceded to Poland.
Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia became independent states (acquired by Germany from Russia at Brest-Litovsk).
Military restrictions on Germany
* The Rhineland to be a demilitarized zone.
* The German armed forces cannot number more than 100,000 troops and no conscription.
* Enlisted men to be retained for at least 12 years; officers to be retained for at least 25 years.
* Manufacturing of weapons is prohibited.
* Import and export of weapons is prohibited.
* Manufacture or stockpiling of poison gas is prohibited.
* Tanks are prohibited.
* Naval forces limited to 15,000 men, 6 battleships (no more than 10,000 tons displacement each), 6 cruisers (no more than 6,000 tons displacement each), 12 destroyers (no more than 800 tons displacement each) and 12 torpedo boats (no more than 200 tons displacement each).
* Submarines are prohibited.
* Military aircraft are prohibited.
* Artillery is prohibited.
* Blockades on ports are prohibited.
Legal restrictions on Germany
* Article 231: forced to accept sole responsibility of war and had to promise to make good all the damage done to civilian population of the allies. Also known as the "War Guilt Clause".
* Article 227: former German emperor, Wilhelm II was charged with supreme offence against international morality. He was to be tried as a war criminal.
* Article 228-230: many were tried as war criminals. Some could not be tried as they were hiding.
The terms of the Treaty, which Germany had no choice but to accept, were announced on May 7, 1919. Germany lost:
* 13% of its national territory
* All of its overseas colonies (including Kamerun, German East Africa, German Southwest Africa, Togoland and German New Guinea)
* 12.5% of its population (mitigated subsequently by major demographic shifts)
* 16% of its coalfields, and 48% of its iron and steel industry.
Territorial restrictions on Germany
* Alsace-Lorraine yielded to France.
* Saar coal fields placed under French control for 15 years.
* Annexation of Austria was prohibited.
* Annexation of Czechoslovakia prohibited.
* Annexation of Poland and Danzig prohibited.
* Loss of all overseas colonies.
* Part of Upper Silesia ceded to Poland.
Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia became independent states (acquired by Germany from Russia at Brest-Litovsk).
Military restrictions on Germany
* The Rhineland to be a demilitarized zone.
* The German armed forces cannot number more than 100,000 troops and no conscription.
* Enlisted men to be retained for at least 12 years; officers to be retained for at least 25 years.
* Manufacturing of weapons is prohibited.
* Import and export of weapons is prohibited.
* Manufacture or stockpiling of poison gas is prohibited.
* Tanks are prohibited.
* Naval forces limited to 15,000 men, 6 battleships (no more than 10,000 tons displacement each), 6 cruisers (no more than 6,000 tons displacement each), 12 destroyers (no more than 800 tons displacement each) and 12 torpedo boats (no more than 200 tons displacement each).
* Submarines are prohibited.
* Military aircraft are prohibited.
* Artillery is prohibited.
* Blockades on ports are prohibited.
Legal restrictions on Germany
* Article 231: forced to accept sole responsibility of war and had to promise to make good all the damage done to civilian population of the allies. Also known as the "War Guilt Clause".
* Article 227: former German emperor, Wilhelm II was charged with supreme offence against international morality. He was to be tried as a war criminal.
* Article 228-230: many were tried as war criminals. Some could not be tried as they were hiding.