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It is a relentless struggle to attempt to provide equality to all
people regardless of race, gender, age, or disability. We are all different
and therefore can by no means be treated equal, yet nevertheless we should
all be given equal opportunities in life. This ideal of equality although
reasonable, has historically risen great fear among those who believe in
the superiority of one person over another person. Therefore the vision of
equality is presently based more on optimism then reality. Although this
may presently be true, the strength of the people against adversity has
allowed advancement in our civil liberties.
Formerly our nation promoted the belief that African Americans were
property rather then people. This belief dates back to colonial times when
Virginia's colonial leader John Smith implemented poor immigrants into the
system of indentured servitude. This system was used to exploit the poor
immigrants in order to make up for a diminishing labor force in Virginia
until 1619 when African Americans were brought over and treated as
indentured servants. However this African American servitude quickly
progressed into slavery as tobacco became more of the backbone of the
economy.
For many years the issue of civil rights for African Americans was
left unanswered. Until slowly African Americans and abolitionists of
slavery banded together in order to resurrect the human rights of African
Americans. At the same time a small women's movement started to arise as
many women became politically active in trying not only to abolish slavery,
but also further their own social status in society. However because of the
vast networks of tobacco, and the reliance of slavery to support the
economy, this was not an easy task. As famous historian Howard Zinn said, "
It would take either a full-scale slave rebellion or a full-scale war to
end such a deeply entrenched system." (Zinn pg. 167) This hypothesis proved
true as the underlining issue of slavery in the United States split the
country in half. The result of this internal dispersion of the country
resulted in the Civil War.
After the Civil War the question of slavery was officially resolved
with the creation of the Thirteenth amendment and the Civil Rights Acts,
however the status of African Americans in society was not. This provoked a
whole new era of racism with the production of the Jim Crow laws and the Ku
Klux Klan. During this era although slavery had been legally abolished, the
Southern State governments created many laws in order to dissociate African
Americans in society. One of these laws stated that you must have a certain
amount of education in order to vote. These laws were all inflicted in
order to separate African Americans from mainstream society. Another idea
to separate African Americans from White Americans was to segregate both
races. This idea was strengthened with the Supreme Court case Plessy versus
Ferguson in 1896. In this case an African American citizen by the name of
Homer Plessy refused to sit in the "black section" of a Louisiana train.
The ruling of this court was that he had violated the restrictions of the
state laws. Although during this time African Americans were still facing
much adversity, women such as Margaret Sanger helped to improve women's
rights.
It wasn't until the Civil Rights Movement when these issues of
inferiority of race and gender were finally presented in their entirety.
After the presentation of all the issues, it wasn't until Supreme Court
case of 1954 that something started to change. This was no other then the
Brown verses Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. The reason this case was
so important to the struggle for equality was because it declared
segregation in public schools unconstitutional. It revoked the conception
that "separate but equal" could have a place in non-segregated society
simply because separate means unequal. If students are truly learning the
same material under the same favorable circumstances, there arises no need
for separation. This case did not mark the end of all segregation, however
it served to ignite the desire for equal rights by leaders such as Martin
Luther King, Malcolm X, and Marynia Farnham.
As the desire for equal rights intensified during the Civil Rights
Movement, Congress created the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibited
the discrimination of workers, as well as the creation of the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission to ensure this right. Congress then
created the Civil Rights Act of 1968, which extended these guarantees of
civil liberties. Congress also issued affirmative action plans in order to
correct past racial discrimination.
The successes of black militants encouraged women and homosexual
activists to join in the fight for civil rights. Women fought for rights
such as abortion and the ability to work without worrying about sexism.
Homosexuals fought to remove the term homosexuality from the list of
psychiatric disorders and to live in an environment with persecution for
their choice of life style. All of these struggles for equality have been
legally accomplished, however as said in the 1964 Civil Rights Act, " to
discriminate in private is legal, but anything regarding business or public
discrimination is illegal."
In conclusion the Civil Rights Movement was a great success. For
during this time all issues of discrimination allowed themselves to be
presented openly before the eyes of the public, removing it from its
underground home where it thrived. Furthermore there were great strides
made in eliminating discrimination in all its forms, as well as improving
the rights of African Americans, Women, and Homosexuals. However their can
always be more done. Laws since the Civil Rights Movement have done more
than just proclaim discrimination illegal, it has taken a step in the
direction of eliminating private prejudices as well.
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[FONT=tahoma, arial]WorRAB: 970 [/FONT]
It is a relentless struggle to attempt to provide equality to all
people regardless of race, gender, age, or disability. We are all different
and therefore can by no means be treated equal, yet nevertheless we should
all be given equal opportunities in life. This ideal of equality although
reasonable, has historically risen great fear among those who believe in
the superiority of one person over another person. Therefore the vision of
equality is presently based more on optimism then reality. Although this
may presently be true, the strength of the people against adversity has
allowed advancement in our civil liberties.
Formerly our nation promoted the belief that African Americans were
property rather then people. This belief dates back to colonial times when
Virginia's colonial leader John Smith implemented poor immigrants into the
system of indentured servitude. This system was used to exploit the poor
immigrants in order to make up for a diminishing labor force in Virginia
until 1619 when African Americans were brought over and treated as
indentured servants. However this African American servitude quickly
progressed into slavery as tobacco became more of the backbone of the
economy.
For many years the issue of civil rights for African Americans was
left unanswered. Until slowly African Americans and abolitionists of
slavery banded together in order to resurrect the human rights of African
Americans. At the same time a small women's movement started to arise as
many women became politically active in trying not only to abolish slavery,
but also further their own social status in society. However because of the
vast networks of tobacco, and the reliance of slavery to support the
economy, this was not an easy task. As famous historian Howard Zinn said, "
It would take either a full-scale slave rebellion or a full-scale war to
end such a deeply entrenched system." (Zinn pg. 167) This hypothesis proved
true as the underlining issue of slavery in the United States split the
country in half. The result of this internal dispersion of the country
resulted in the Civil War.
After the Civil War the question of slavery was officially resolved
with the creation of the Thirteenth amendment and the Civil Rights Acts,
however the status of African Americans in society was not. This provoked a
whole new era of racism with the production of the Jim Crow laws and the Ku
Klux Klan. During this era although slavery had been legally abolished, the
Southern State governments created many laws in order to dissociate African
Americans in society. One of these laws stated that you must have a certain
amount of education in order to vote. These laws were all inflicted in
order to separate African Americans from mainstream society. Another idea
to separate African Americans from White Americans was to segregate both
races. This idea was strengthened with the Supreme Court case Plessy versus
Ferguson in 1896. In this case an African American citizen by the name of
Homer Plessy refused to sit in the "black section" of a Louisiana train.
The ruling of this court was that he had violated the restrictions of the
state laws. Although during this time African Americans were still facing
much adversity, women such as Margaret Sanger helped to improve women's
rights.
It wasn't until the Civil Rights Movement when these issues of
inferiority of race and gender were finally presented in their entirety.
After the presentation of all the issues, it wasn't until Supreme Court
case of 1954 that something started to change. This was no other then the
Brown verses Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. The reason this case was
so important to the struggle for equality was because it declared
segregation in public schools unconstitutional. It revoked the conception
that "separate but equal" could have a place in non-segregated society
simply because separate means unequal. If students are truly learning the
same material under the same favorable circumstances, there arises no need
for separation. This case did not mark the end of all segregation, however
it served to ignite the desire for equal rights by leaders such as Martin
Luther King, Malcolm X, and Marynia Farnham.
As the desire for equal rights intensified during the Civil Rights
Movement, Congress created the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibited
the discrimination of workers, as well as the creation of the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission to ensure this right. Congress then
created the Civil Rights Act of 1968, which extended these guarantees of
civil liberties. Congress also issued affirmative action plans in order to
correct past racial discrimination.
The successes of black militants encouraged women and homosexual
activists to join in the fight for civil rights. Women fought for rights
such as abortion and the ability to work without worrying about sexism.
Homosexuals fought to remove the term homosexuality from the list of
psychiatric disorders and to live in an environment with persecution for
their choice of life style. All of these struggles for equality have been
legally accomplished, however as said in the 1964 Civil Rights Act, " to
discriminate in private is legal, but anything regarding business or public
discrimination is illegal."
In conclusion the Civil Rights Movement was a great success. For
during this time all issues of discrimination allowed themselves to be
presented openly before the eyes of the public, removing it from its
underground home where it thrived. Furthermore there were great strides
made in eliminating discrimination in all its forms, as well as improving
the rights of African Americans, Women, and Homosexuals. However their can
always be more done. Laws since the Civil Rights Movement have done more
than just proclaim discrimination illegal, it has taken a step in the
direction of eliminating private prejudices as well.
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[FONT=tahoma, arial]WorRAB: 970 [/FONT]