Guys........ normal engine oil operating temp is 230+ degrees.
A trip to the store or around the block won't get the oil close to the proper operating temp, sometimes on a cool day the oil will never reach the 230 degree operating temp. If you keep the oil at the full mark without it reaching the proper operating temp when it gets to the proper operating temp it may blow out when it gets hot, expands and foams due to overfilling.
So, as the manual says fill with 3 1/2 quarts of oil, or halfway on the dipstick COLD then check it when it reaches the proper operating temp and you will find at 230 degrees it is almost on the full mark.
Also if the breather tubes on the air cleaner are not installed correctly oil may blow out as well.
What I do is fill with 3 1/2 quarts of oil COLD. I have an oil temp gauge so I get the oil to the proper operating temp on a long ride on a hot day, let the bike idle for 1 minute per the manual, shut it off and let sit for a minute, then check the oil, add the small amount of oil necessary to bring it to the full mark. Next morning when the bike id COLD I check the dipstick COLD, and mark the dip stick with a sharpie (after cleaning it with mineral spirits). Then next time I fill to my cold mark and know when it gets hot it is not overfilled.
I can assure you unless you have a oil temp gauge you most likely will overfill because most folks always want the oil to be on the full mark, unfortunately it is done with the bike not to the proper operating temp, oil gets hot foams because it is overfilled and has to go somewhere usually out the air cleaner. That's why Harley says start with 3 1/2 quarts. COLD !!