Need help with some biology questions?

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1) Emma has multiple sclerosis. If you could view her nervous system you would find

a lack of neurotransmitters in some neurons
areas where the myelin sheath has degenerated
areas where the dendrites are severely damaged
a reduction in the number of chloride ions in her peripheral nervous system

2) If inhibitory postsynaptic potentials did not exist

it would be "easier" for a neuron to fire its action potential
it would be "harder" for a neuron to fire its action potential
there would not be any effect on the ease at which a neuron fires its action potential
it would be impossible for neural impulses to travel across the synapse

3) When nicotine acts on the brain it acts like acetylcholine and binds to ACh receptor sites causing postsynaptic potentials. Nicotine is

an antagonist
an agonist
a monoamine
a reuptake agent

4) Monoamines have been associated with all of the following except

aggressive behavior
pain reduction
schizophrenia
depression

5) A good analogy for the way in which a neurotransmitter binds to receptor sites is

the opening and closing of a window
a key fitting in the lock of a door
the lowering of a drawbridge
the pulling of the trigger of a gun
 
i am not sure but i think that these are the correct answers:

1) areas where the myelin sheath has degenerated
2) it would be "easier" for a neuron to fire its action potential
3) an agonist
4) pain reduction
5) a key fitting in the lock of a door
 
1) Areas where the myelin sheath has degenerated
Look at question #4: http://www.mssociety.ca/en/information/faq.htm#3

2) It would be "easier" for a neuron to fire its actional potential
Click "Different Types of Synapses" at the top of the page: http://www.biologymad.com/NervousSystem/synapses.htm
- Usually inhibitory postsynaptic potentials stop or slow down an action potential. If it doesn't exist, then action potentials can be fired easier.

3) An agonist
http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7835
* I wasn't sure about this one. There seems to be 2 kinds of nicotine: antagonist and agonist. The reason why I chose agonist is because the question said "causing postsynaptic potentials", which meant that the nicotine CAUSED something to happen. I did find nicotine being described as an antagonist too. You might want to look more into this.

4) Pain Reduction
http://bipolar.about.com/od/glossary/g/gl_monoamine.htm
- Monoamines are prescribed to those with some sort of behavioural abnormality. The only option out of the four that doesn't have to do with behaviour is pain reduction.

5) A key fitting in the lock of a door
- A neurotransmitter can only bind to a specific receptor. There is only 1 kind of neurotransmitter to 1 kind of receptor.
 
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