The Protestant Reformation in Europe
Okay. The Reformation--you correctly connect this with Martin Luther. Henry the 8th was something else; that was when he formed the Anglican (Episcopalian in America) Church because the pope refused to allow him to divorce his wife.
In Europe in those days, the rule was "eus regio, eus religio" (his the region, his the religion). The people might have sympathized with one side of this sharply divided conflict, while the ruler might choose the other. If the ruler picked one side, the people who chose the other side were forced to move to an area where the ruler had chosen the side they sympathized with.
When King Henry broke away from the Catholic Church, he basically forced all of his subjects to become Anglicans. The puritans refused to do so and emigrated.
--Reggie