How to make a value scale in broadside, line spacing, crosshatch, and stipple?

[Josh Fields]

i searched the internet for a little bit keeping it simple like "how to make a broadside valuescale" and so on, but i couldn't find anything so please help.
by the way i almost forgot to mention i need to know how to do this with pencil no specific colors just shading with a pencil and thanks in advance.

 

[Miss Michelle]

It's all a matter of putting your marks (lines, dots, etc) closer together or farther apart.