I had L4 L5 fused 13 months ago. My surgeon told me that some do routinely remove the hardware. Mine does not BUT I did end up getting it removed 8 months later b/c he thought I may I had "painful hardware". Painful hardware is thought to be the reason for the continuing, if not worsend back pain following a fusion. In my case, it was unfortunetly not the problem. The hardware removal is no where near as painful as the placement but is still no picnic.