How long did the Roman civilization last?

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central_high_school2012

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I need help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
my book says roman republic-509-27 b.c. roman empire-27 b.c.-a.d. 476
 
Which Roman Empire? The East or West?


"The precise date at which the Roman Republic changed into the Roman Empire is disputed, with the dates of Julius Caesar's appointment as perpetual dictator (44 BC), the battle of Actium (September 2, 31 BC), and the date in which the Roman Senate granted Octavian the title Augustus (January 16, 27 BC), all being advanced as candidates. To confuse matters even further, Octavian/Augustus officially proclaimed that he had saved the Roman Republic and carefully disguised his power under republican forms. Indeed, on the surface it might appear that the Republic was alive: consuls continued to be elected, tribunes of the plebeians continued to offer legislation, and senators still debated in the Roman Curia. However, it was Octavian who influenced everything and controlled the final decisions, and in final analysis, had the legions to back him up, if it ever became necessary.

The end of the Roman Empire is traditionally placed on 4 September 476, as the Western Roman Empire fell to Germanic invaders. However, this view does not recognize the Eastern Roman Empire, known to modern-day historians as the Byzantine Empire, which maintained Roman legal and cultural traditions. Developing a distinct Greek Christian character, it managed to survive and even thrive for a millennium after the fall of the West, eventually being conquered on 29 May 1453 by the Ottoman Empire."
 
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