HOW IS THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE IN DECEMBER CONNECTED TO THE NOVEMBER BALLOT?

According to Article II of the U S Constitution the states have to pick electors to vote for president. The electors can be chosen any way the state wants to use. All of the states today have chosen a popular vote by their people to choose electors. The electors place their vote for the states choice at the electoral college balloting that happens at each respective state capitol. Basically the electors are proxy voters for the states. The president is elected by the states and is supposed to represent the Union. People are not supposed to be represented by the president as they are represented in congress. Not relevant to the to the answer to this specific question but worth knowing is how representation was originally configured in the constitution by the founders. People were to be represented in the House of Representatives. States were to be represented in the Senate. The Union is to be represented by the president and the president is elected by the states through the use of the electoral college. The 17th Amendment changed how Senators are elected and removed the States representation to the federal government. Prior to that the state legislatures elected Senators.
 
December is when the electoral college consisting of the electors elected in November meet to elect the president and vice president. Some are bound by the November vote and others are not.
 
In the November election, you choose a slate of electors. Basically, each party nominates a slate of people (and their names normally do not appear on the ballot in most states) who are pledged to vote for that party's nominees for President and Vice President.

In most states, the ticket that gets the greatest number of votes statewide wins all of that state's electors. (Two states have a different set of rules by which they elect 2 electors statewide and 1 elector in each of the state's congressional district.)

In December, the people who were elected to serve as electors convene to cast the actual votes for President. Almost all of the time, they vote for the candidate to whom they were pledged. (In a typical election between 0 and 2 electors pledged to the losing candidate cast a protest vote for some other member of their party, but the remainde cast their votes as pledged.)
 
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