Before the Nazi Holocaust and the "ethnic cleansing" in several parts of the world in recent decades, there was the Turkish attempt to exterminate the Armenians in the early 20th century. Even earlier, there was the total extermination of the natives of Tasmania. They were a population related to the aborigines of Australia but with certain distinct physical differences, and they are GONE. There is not one full-blooded Tasmanian alive today. I believe that the same is true of several Native American tribes who lived on islands in the Caribbean.