1. In Figure 1–1, what layer of Earth's geosphere is labeled "A"? (1 point)
inner core
outer core
upper mantle
crust
2. In Figure 1–1, what layer of Earth's geosphere is labeled "C"? (1 point)
crust
upper mantle
lower mantle
outer core
3. On the global grid, the prime meridian is at _____. (1 point)
0 degrees latitude
90 degrees latitude
0 degrees longitude
90 degrees longitude
4. Differences in elevation are best shown using a _____. (1 point)
Mercator projection map
gnomonic projection map
Robinson projection map
topographic map
5. On a topographic map, contour lines that form a circle indicate a

_____. (1 point)
lake
ocean
hill
depression
6. A map with a scale of 1:24,000 means that _____. (1 point)
one unit on the map is equal to 24,000 units on the ground
one unit on the ground is equal to 24,000 units on the map
the contour interval is 24,000 feet
the contour interval changes every 24,000 feet
7. Any size group of interacting parts that form a complex whole is a

_____. (1 point)
sphere
energy source
tectonic plate
system
8. Which of the following would be one of the interacting parts in a weather system? (1 point)
weather satellite
tectonic plate
clouds
Earth's inner core
9. The sun's energy drives which of the following processes? (1 point)
volcanic eruptions
earthquakes
weather and ocean circulation
mountain building
10. Which of the following is an environmental hazard created by humans? (1 point)
air pollution
drought
hurricane
earthquake
11. How could the building of a dam affect the Earth system? (1 point)
A dam could cause the flooding of a nearby forest
A dam could destroy a fish species that needs swiftly moving water
A dam could block the migration of spawning fish
all of the above
12. Which of the following is NOT an example of a nonrenewable resource? (1 point)
solar energy
natural gas
copper
oil
13. Which of the following is NOT an example of a renewable resource? (1 point)
cotton
lumber
chicken
iron
14. In scientific inquiry, when competing hypotheses have been eliminated, a hypothesis may be elevated to the status of a scientific _____. (1 point)
estimate
idea
theory
truth
Note: your teacher will review your responses to questions 15–17 to ensure you receive proper credit for your answers.
15. (1 point)
The hypothesis suggests that our solar system evolved from a huge rotating cloud of dust and gas.
16. (1 point)
Lines of are used to measure distances east or west of the prime meridian in degrees.
17. (1 point)
The major difference between a topographic map and other maps is that a topographic map shows .
Note: your teacher will grade your responses to questions 18–20 to ensure you receive proper credit for your answers.
18. List and briefly describe Earth's four major spheres. (4 points)
19. Give two examples of human activities that can affect the Earth system. (2 points)
20. Describe the difference between renewable resources and nonrenewable resources, and provide examples of each type of resource. (4 points)
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