1. According to Figure 14-1, which of the following statements about the distribution of land and water is true? (1 point)
The percentage of land and water is roughly equal in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
The Southern Hemisphere is covered by much more water than the Northern Hemisphere.
The Northern Hemisphere is covered by much more water than the Southern Hemisphere.
Earth is covered by more land than water.
2. Which ocean in Figure 14-1 is represented by Point A? (1 point)
Pacific
Atlantic
Indian
Arctic
3. Which submersible has been used for deep-sea research? (1 point)
SS Trinity
Challenger
Alvin
SS Woods Hole
4. What is the speed of sound in water? (1 point)
100 meters per second
500 meters per second
1,000 meters per second
1,500 meters per second
5. Which of the following currents is associated with downslope movements of dense sediment-rich water? (1 point)
avalanche current
density current
turbidity current
longshore current
6. Seamounts are ____. (1 point)
volcanoes that form on the ocean floor
only found in the Pacific Ocean
a special type of oceanic trench
submarine canyons found near Australia
7. Which of the following occurs at the continental margin in the Pacific Ocean? (1 point)
volcanic activity
earthquakes
plate interactions
all of the above
8. Mineral-rich water, heated by newly formed oceanic crust, escapes through cracks in the ocean floor called ____. (1 point)
nodules
rifts
hydrothermal vents
trenches
9. Which of the following is NOT a biogenous sediment? (1 point)
manganese nodules
calcareous ooze
siliceous ooze
phosphate-rich material
10. Which of the following is NOT a hydrogenous sediment? (1 point)
manganese nodules
calcium carbonates
evaporites
calcareous ooze
11. Most gas hydrates form when which of the following occurs? (1 point)
Bacteria break down organic matter trapped in ocean-floor sediments.
Pressure from overlying rock transforms organic matter into liquid form.
Minerals crystallize from ocean water.
none of the above
12. Which ocean resource is currently NOT economically profitable to mine? (1 point)
salts
manganese nodules
sand
gravel
13. One thousand grams of seawater would consist of how many grams of dissolved substances? (1 point)
35
65
635
965
14. Which layer of the ocean experiences a rapid change in density with depth? (1 point)
deep zone
thermocline
pycnocline
mixed zone
15. In addition to salinity, what factor affects the density of seawater? (1 point)
depth
latitude
temperature
salt content
16. How do plankton differ from nekton? (1 point)
Plankton are strong swimmers.
Plankton are floaters.
Plankton are carnivores.
Plankton live on the ocean bottom.
17. Algae can survive on the seafloor only in ____. (1 point)
polar areas
deep areas
shallow areas
high-density areas
18. Figure 15-1 shows the productivity of diatoms and zooplankton in polar oceans. According to Figure 15-1, when does zooplankton biomass peak compared to the peak of diatom productivity? (1 point)
Zooplankton peak at the same time diatoms peak.
Zooplankton peak earlier.
Zooplankton peak later.
The answer cannot be determined.
19. Because of the Coriolis effect, ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere are deflected to the ____. (1 point)
right
left
north
south
20. What is true about an ocean current that is moving toward the equator? (1 point)
It is warm.
It is fast.
It is cold.
It is slow.
21. Which statement best describes the tidal pattern shown in Figure 16-1? (1 point)
There are two high tides and two low tides each tidal day.
There is a single high tide and a single low tide each tidal day.
There is a single high tide and two low tides each tidal day.
There are two high tides and one low tide each tidal day.
22. The sawing and grinding action of rock fragments in the water is called ____. (1 point)
refraction
deposition
abrasion
upwelling
The percentage of land and water is roughly equal in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
The Southern Hemisphere is covered by much more water than the Northern Hemisphere.
The Northern Hemisphere is covered by much more water than the Southern Hemisphere.
Earth is covered by more land than water.
2. Which ocean in Figure 14-1 is represented by Point A? (1 point)
Pacific
Atlantic
Indian
Arctic
3. Which submersible has been used for deep-sea research? (1 point)
SS Trinity
Challenger
Alvin
SS Woods Hole
4. What is the speed of sound in water? (1 point)
100 meters per second
500 meters per second
1,000 meters per second
1,500 meters per second
5. Which of the following currents is associated with downslope movements of dense sediment-rich water? (1 point)
avalanche current
density current
turbidity current
longshore current
6. Seamounts are ____. (1 point)
volcanoes that form on the ocean floor
only found in the Pacific Ocean
a special type of oceanic trench
submarine canyons found near Australia
7. Which of the following occurs at the continental margin in the Pacific Ocean? (1 point)
volcanic activity
earthquakes
plate interactions
all of the above
8. Mineral-rich water, heated by newly formed oceanic crust, escapes through cracks in the ocean floor called ____. (1 point)
nodules
rifts
hydrothermal vents
trenches
9. Which of the following is NOT a biogenous sediment? (1 point)
manganese nodules
calcareous ooze
siliceous ooze
phosphate-rich material
10. Which of the following is NOT a hydrogenous sediment? (1 point)
manganese nodules
calcium carbonates
evaporites
calcareous ooze
11. Most gas hydrates form when which of the following occurs? (1 point)
Bacteria break down organic matter trapped in ocean-floor sediments.
Pressure from overlying rock transforms organic matter into liquid form.
Minerals crystallize from ocean water.
none of the above
12. Which ocean resource is currently NOT economically profitable to mine? (1 point)
salts
manganese nodules
sand
gravel
13. One thousand grams of seawater would consist of how many grams of dissolved substances? (1 point)
35
65
635
965
14. Which layer of the ocean experiences a rapid change in density with depth? (1 point)
deep zone
thermocline
pycnocline
mixed zone
15. In addition to salinity, what factor affects the density of seawater? (1 point)
depth
latitude
temperature
salt content
16. How do plankton differ from nekton? (1 point)
Plankton are strong swimmers.
Plankton are floaters.
Plankton are carnivores.
Plankton live on the ocean bottom.
17. Algae can survive on the seafloor only in ____. (1 point)
polar areas
deep areas
shallow areas
high-density areas
18. Figure 15-1 shows the productivity of diatoms and zooplankton in polar oceans. According to Figure 15-1, when does zooplankton biomass peak compared to the peak of diatom productivity? (1 point)
Zooplankton peak at the same time diatoms peak.
Zooplankton peak earlier.
Zooplankton peak later.
The answer cannot be determined.
19. Because of the Coriolis effect, ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere are deflected to the ____. (1 point)
right
left
north
south
20. What is true about an ocean current that is moving toward the equator? (1 point)
It is warm.
It is fast.
It is cold.
It is slow.
21. Which statement best describes the tidal pattern shown in Figure 16-1? (1 point)
There are two high tides and two low tides each tidal day.
There is a single high tide and a single low tide each tidal day.
There is a single high tide and two low tides each tidal day.
There are two high tides and one low tide each tidal day.
22. The sawing and grinding action of rock fragments in the water is called ____. (1 point)
refraction
deposition
abrasion
upwelling