During World War II, when quinine was used as a prophylactic against malaria

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infections in U.S. personnel on l? for immunology
During World War II, when quinine was used as a prophylactic against malaria infections in U.S. personnel on long-term assignment to South Pacific, a small proportion of soldiers developed blackwater fever.
In this case, the quinine played the role of:
A- Autoantigen.
B- Carrier protein.
C- Hapten
D- Immunogen
E- Superantigen.
 
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