G
Gemma W
Guest
Who were the leaders in attendance?
Czar Alexander I of Russia
King Frederick William III of Prussia.
Fürst von Metternich chief Austrian negotiator and presided over the congress;
the Russian delegation included Count Nesselrode, Count Capo d’Istria, and Carlo Andreo Pozzo di Borgo; among the Prussian diplomats were Karl August von Hardenberg, Wilhelm von Humboldt, and Karl vom und zum Stein.
At the congress, the United Kingdom was represented first by its Foreign Secretary, Viscount Castlereagh; and then by the Duke of Wellington; and in the last weeks, by the Earl of Clancarty.
Who was in charge of the gathering?Austrian emperor Francis I.
where it was held?Vienna, Austria
when it took place?
sept 1814-june 1815
TERRITORIAL CHANGES=
France was deprived of all territory conquered by Napoleon
The Dutch Republic was united with the Austrian Netherlands to form a single kingdom of the Netherlands under the House of Orange.
Norway and Sweden were joined under a single ruler
Russia got Finland and effective control over the new kingdom of Poland
Prussia was given much of Saxony and important parts of Westphalia and the Rhine Province.
Austria was given back most of the territory it had lost and was also given land in Germany and Italy (Lombardia and Venice)
Britain got several strategic colonial territories, and they also gained control of the seas.
Switzerland was declared neutral
France was restored under the rule of Louis XVIII.
Spain was restored under Ferdinand VII
Why it was held:
The goal of the congress was to reestablish a balance of power amongst the countries of Europe and have peace between the nations
Outcomes of the meeting:
The Congress was highly successful in achieving its goal, for the peace in Europe was left undisturbed for almost 40 years.
Consequences
Although the territorial changes brought about by the Congress of Vienna did not endure long in entirety, they represented a practical if not always
equitable solution and an attempt at dealing with Europe as an organic whole. The Quadruple Alliance and the Holy Alliance, designed to uphold the decisions of Vienna and to settle disputes and problems by means of conferences, were an important step toward European cooperation. TheConcert of Europe, which functioned—even though imperfectly—through the 19th cent., may be credited to the Congress of Vienna. 10
An auxiliary accomplishment of the Congress was the adoption of standard rules of diplomacy. Serious defects, however, included the disregard of the growing national aspirations and the social changes that brought about the revolutions of 1848, and the failure to include the Ottoman Empire in the settlement and to deal satisfactorily with the Eastern Question.
Czar Alexander I of Russia
King Frederick William III of Prussia.
Fürst von Metternich chief Austrian negotiator and presided over the congress;
the Russian delegation included Count Nesselrode, Count Capo d’Istria, and Carlo Andreo Pozzo di Borgo; among the Prussian diplomats were Karl August von Hardenberg, Wilhelm von Humboldt, and Karl vom und zum Stein.
At the congress, the United Kingdom was represented first by its Foreign Secretary, Viscount Castlereagh; and then by the Duke of Wellington; and in the last weeks, by the Earl of Clancarty.
Who was in charge of the gathering?Austrian emperor Francis I.
where it was held?Vienna, Austria
when it took place?
sept 1814-june 1815
TERRITORIAL CHANGES=
France was deprived of all territory conquered by Napoleon
The Dutch Republic was united with the Austrian Netherlands to form a single kingdom of the Netherlands under the House of Orange.
Norway and Sweden were joined under a single ruler
Russia got Finland and effective control over the new kingdom of Poland
Prussia was given much of Saxony and important parts of Westphalia and the Rhine Province.
Austria was given back most of the territory it had lost and was also given land in Germany and Italy (Lombardia and Venice)
Britain got several strategic colonial territories, and they also gained control of the seas.
Switzerland was declared neutral
France was restored under the rule of Louis XVIII.
Spain was restored under Ferdinand VII
Why it was held:
The goal of the congress was to reestablish a balance of power amongst the countries of Europe and have peace between the nations
Outcomes of the meeting:
The Congress was highly successful in achieving its goal, for the peace in Europe was left undisturbed for almost 40 years.
Consequences
Although the territorial changes brought about by the Congress of Vienna did not endure long in entirety, they represented a practical if not always
equitable solution and an attempt at dealing with Europe as an organic whole. The Quadruple Alliance and the Holy Alliance, designed to uphold the decisions of Vienna and to settle disputes and problems by means of conferences, were an important step toward European cooperation. TheConcert of Europe, which functioned—even though imperfectly—through the 19th cent., may be credited to the Congress of Vienna. 10
An auxiliary accomplishment of the Congress was the adoption of standard rules of diplomacy. Serious defects, however, included the disregard of the growing national aspirations and the social changes that brought about the revolutions of 1848, and the failure to include the Ottoman Empire in the settlement and to deal satisfactorily with the Eastern Question.