Water vapor is the principle greenhouse gas responsible for the greenhouse effect. The mixing ratio or concentration of water vapor varies greatly from place to place and thus does the strength of the greenhouse effect. Warm tropical rain forests remain warm at night, while dry deserts heat up greatly during the day and cool a great deal at night. The difference is due to the moisture content of the air.
Your question does not address the issue of global warming however. The water vapor content of the air is dependent on the source of the air mass, whether it has passed over a long stretch of water or dry land. It is also dependent on altitude, moisture decreases rapidly with increasing altitude. Most importantly, the saturation vapor pressure for water vapor increases exponentially with increasing temperature. A little warming allows for much more water vapor to reside in the air so anything that warms the air will have the effect of increasing the water vapor content and thus the greenhouse effect.
Variations in the Sun's output will warm and cool the Earth and thus modulate the impact of the greenhouse effect. Variations in the Sun's output are very small however, measured to be about 1.3 Watt/meter^2 over the range of the 11 year sunspot cycle.
A doubling of CO2 will produce 3.7W/meter^2 sustained and 1.2C of warming by itself before considering water vapor feedback.
But we know there will be a positive water vapor feedback as mentioned above which will approximately double the forcing given by CO2 alone giving about 8W/meter^2. Oceans warm, glaciers melt, ice caps shrink, albedo decreases, sea levels rise....you know the rest of the story!