The most famous is Miranda Vs Arizona, which went to the US Supreme Court. This is the case which is the precedent for "Miranda rights," i.e. the suspect must be informed of his right to an attorney and his right to remain silent, before he is questioned.
Others are Westover vs. United States and California vs Stewart.
In the trial of Patricia Hearst, her attorney F. Lee Bailey had her take the 5th Amendment numerous times, which may have prejudiced the jury against her. [Bailey probably didn't know how to defend a client who is actually innocent, that's my analysis.] Hearst was later pardoned, because she had actually been forced into doing the criminal acts...