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1. Scientists believe that modern humans appeared during the
_______ epoch.
A. Holocene C. Miocene
B. Pliocene D. Paleocene
2. In a population of horses, an extreme phenotype is favored
and the distribution of genes in that population shifts toward
that phenotype. This process is called _______ selection
A. random C. disruptive
B. stabilizing D. directional
3. Which of these creatures are annelids?
A. Gastropods C. Planarians
B. Earthworms D. Sponges
4. Which of the following is a type of archaea?
A. Algae C. Halophiles
B. Mold D. Spirilum
5. What is the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment?
A. Variation C. Selection
B. Adaptation D. Adjustment
6. Of the four plant groups, which one probably evolved first?
A. Angiosperms C. Mosses
B. Ferns D. Gymnosperms
7. Which one of the following is an example of a postzygotic reproductive barrier?
A. Hybrid sterility C. Incompatible anatomy
B. Habitat isolation D. Gamete isolation
8. Most fungi live by decomposing the remains of plants, animals, and microbes found in
soil. That is why most fungi are called
A. mushrooms. C. lichens.
B. saprotrophs. D. mycelium.
9. Scientists who argue that modern humans evolved from a single population believe
that humans came from the continent of
A. Europe. C. Asia.
B. Africa. D. South America.
10. Any trace of a dead organism, such as an imprint in a rock, is called a
A. homologous structure. C. strata.
B. transitional form. D. fossil.
11. Most scientists now believe that birds evolved directly from bipedal
A. amphibians. C. dinosaurs.
B. lizards. D. marsupials.
12. The similarity of the characteristics of sheep and reindeer is due to their having a
common ancestor. This sort of phenomenon is called
A. homology. C. taxonomy.
B. convergent evolution. D. parallel evolution.
13. What do biologists call the process when allele frequencies in a population of a species
change over time due to chance?
A. Gene flow C. Genetic drift
B. Nonrandom mating D. Bottleneck effect
14. In vascular plants, which of these parts conducts water and minerals upward from
the roots?
A. Xylem C. Phloem
B. Lignin D. Fronds
15. Amoebas move by using extensions of their cytoplasm called
A. cilia. C. vacuoles.
B. pseudopods. D. sporozoa.
16. The structure of the forelimb of a bird is similar in structure to that of the forelimb of
a mammal, suggesting that both descended from a common ancestor. This similarity is
an example of _______ evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
A. biochemical C. anatomical
B. vestigial D. biogeographical
17. The varieties of beak structures among Galapagos finches is a good example of
A. adaptive radiation. C. random radiation.
B. allopathic speciation. D. sympatric evolution.
18. Which one of these creatures is an echinoderm?
A. Grasshopper C. Crab
B. Spider D. Sea star
19. In biology, the members of a single species occupying the same area and reproducing
with one another is called a
A. herd. C. group.
B. gene pool. D. population.
20. A virus that reproduces in a bacterium is called a
A. lysogene. C. phage.
B. retrovirus. D. viroid.
_______ epoch.
A. Holocene C. Miocene
B. Pliocene D. Paleocene
2. In a population of horses, an extreme phenotype is favored
and the distribution of genes in that population shifts toward
that phenotype. This process is called _______ selection
A. random C. disruptive
B. stabilizing D. directional
3. Which of these creatures are annelids?
A. Gastropods C. Planarians
B. Earthworms D. Sponges
4. Which of the following is a type of archaea?
A. Algae C. Halophiles
B. Mold D. Spirilum
5. What is the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment?
A. Variation C. Selection
B. Adaptation D. Adjustment
6. Of the four plant groups, which one probably evolved first?
A. Angiosperms C. Mosses
B. Ferns D. Gymnosperms
7. Which one of the following is an example of a postzygotic reproductive barrier?
A. Hybrid sterility C. Incompatible anatomy
B. Habitat isolation D. Gamete isolation
8. Most fungi live by decomposing the remains of plants, animals, and microbes found in
soil. That is why most fungi are called
A. mushrooms. C. lichens.
B. saprotrophs. D. mycelium.
9. Scientists who argue that modern humans evolved from a single population believe
that humans came from the continent of
A. Europe. C. Asia.
B. Africa. D. South America.
10. Any trace of a dead organism, such as an imprint in a rock, is called a
A. homologous structure. C. strata.
B. transitional form. D. fossil.
11. Most scientists now believe that birds evolved directly from bipedal
A. amphibians. C. dinosaurs.
B. lizards. D. marsupials.
12. The similarity of the characteristics of sheep and reindeer is due to their having a
common ancestor. This sort of phenomenon is called
A. homology. C. taxonomy.
B. convergent evolution. D. parallel evolution.
13. What do biologists call the process when allele frequencies in a population of a species
change over time due to chance?
A. Gene flow C. Genetic drift
B. Nonrandom mating D. Bottleneck effect
14. In vascular plants, which of these parts conducts water and minerals upward from
the roots?
A. Xylem C. Phloem
B. Lignin D. Fronds
15. Amoebas move by using extensions of their cytoplasm called
A. cilia. C. vacuoles.
B. pseudopods. D. sporozoa.
16. The structure of the forelimb of a bird is similar in structure to that of the forelimb of
a mammal, suggesting that both descended from a common ancestor. This similarity is
an example of _______ evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
A. biochemical C. anatomical
B. vestigial D. biogeographical
17. The varieties of beak structures among Galapagos finches is a good example of
A. adaptive radiation. C. random radiation.
B. allopathic speciation. D. sympatric evolution.
18. Which one of these creatures is an echinoderm?
A. Grasshopper C. Crab
B. Spider D. Sea star
19. In biology, the members of a single species occupying the same area and reproducing
with one another is called a
A. herd. C. group.
B. gene pool. D. population.
20. A virus that reproduces in a bacterium is called a
A. lysogene. C. phage.
B. retrovirus. D. viroid.