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While examining a human cell that functions normally, you determine that it has 45 functional chromosomes and one chromosome that is almost completely inactive. You immediately decide that it is very likely that this cell ______. A) will become cancerous if one or two more genes are mutated B)...

The shared genetic code of all life on Earth is evidence that ______. A) DNA replication is error-free B) bacterial cells arose earlier than eukaryotic cells C) the genetic code arose relatively late in the history of life on Earth D) life was created by a deity E) all life shares a common...

Which of the following includes the other choices? A) lactose-utilization gene 1 B) operator C) lactose-utilization gene 2 D) promoter E) operon To make a clonea genetically identical organismfrom a mammalian cell, the cell must ______. A) come from an early stage of embryonic development B)...

During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose is ______. A) none of the above B) released all at once C) transferred to starch D) carried by electrons In cellular respiration, most ATP is produced directly as a result of ______. A) glycolysis B) the electron transport chain C) the citric...

Which of the following is a result of glycolysis? A) a net loss of two ATPs per glucose molecule B) conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid C) production of CO2 D) reduction of FAD to FADH2 E) conversion of NADH to NAD+ During redox reactions, ______. A) protons from one molecule replace the...

As a result of glycolysis there is a net gain of ______ ATPs. A) 36 B) 4 C) 2 D) 1 E) 0 In aerobic respiration, how many molecules of acetic acid are produced from six molecules of glucose? A) 12 B) 3 C) 6 D) 38 E) 1 Runners exercising near busy roads in high traffic areas might breathe in...

he term anaerobic means ______. A) without bacteria B) without ATP C) without CO2 D) with O2 E) without O2 12. A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells. Physicians find that the muscles function. Not surprisingly, they also find that...

What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus? A) ribosomes B) transport vesicles C) peroxisomes D) nucleosomes E) lysosomes Which of the following parts of a cell was (were) likely first to evolve? A) mitochondria B) plasma membrane C) chloroplasts D) lysosomes E) nucleolus...

Which of the following is a characteristic of mitochondria that suggests that they might have evolved from free-living bacteria? A) Mitochondria have their own DNA. B) Mitochondria rely upon proteins as their source of energy. C) Mitochondria do not produce ATP. D) A single, highly folded plasma...

Usually, enzymes are ______. A) monosaccharides B) phospholipids C) proteins D) steroids E) fats Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ______ and moves a substance ______ its concentration gradient. A) transport proteins . . . against B) energy . . . down C) transport...

While shopping, you settle on two types of cookies. The nutritional label for the chocolate mint cookies lists 4 grams of saturated fat, 0 grams of trans fat, 22 grams of carbohydrates, and 11 grams of protein per serving. The nutritional label for the peanut butter cookies lists 3 grams of...